discussion essay engelska 7

Mr Smedjeback's English Class

How to write a discussion essay.

The aim of the discussion essay is to inform the reader about a topic and show different perspectives (sides) of it. You are allowed to express your own opinion but the aim is not to persuade others what to believe. Often you are supposed to explain, give examples, discuss and compare. 

1. The introduction is the first part of the essay. The function is:

• to introduce the subject to the reader in an interesting and catchy way

• to give some background information about the subject

• to state the main idea or focus of the essay

2. In the body paragraph make sure you show solid support for the points you make by describing, explaining and illustrating so that the reader will think you are worth “listening to”. Let each paragraph explain or discuss one aspect using specific details and examples to clarify and support your thesis.

3. Since you are discussing the topic in your essay, it is important to bring up aspects of the issue from different sides and angles even if you might find yourself leaning towards a particular view as the essay progresses (continues).

4. At the end, the conclusion rounds off the essay in one of the following ways:

• By briefly summarizing the main ideas of the essay

• By making recommendations about ideas discussed in the essay

• By suggesting a solution to the problem discussed in the essay

• By offering a personal reflection that grows logically out of the body paragraphs

If you study English 6 or 7 you are also required to use references/citations in your essay.  Click on this link to see how you refer to sources:  https://smedjeback.wordpress.com/how-to-refer-to-sources/

Cohesion (sammanhållning)

It’s important to link the different paragraphs together to form a good cohesion in the essay so that the reader can easily follow your line of thought. When you begin a new paragraph you must therefore link it to the paragraph before. You can for example show that you are going to show more examples of the same thing or if you are going to bring up other aspects/arguments of the topic.

Don’t start the paragraph referring to an article, because then the reader has a harder time understanding why you bring up the article.

Incorrect : “In the article “Trump for re-election” (2019) Peter Brosnan claims …”

Correct : There are also many Republicans who doubt that Trump will be re-elected. “In the article “Trump for re-election” (2019) Peter Brosnan claims …”

Using linking words is a good way to connect the paragraph together, see below.

Linking words Use linking words to get a good fluency in your essay, especially when you link paragraphs together. Here are some of the most useful:

• Comparison transitions signal similarity: Similarly, In much the same way
• To express addition , i.e. to say something more on an idea already discussed: besides, moreover ( formal ), furthermore ( formal ), also, too, what’s more , etc.
• Cause-effect transitions signal a reason or a result: Therefore, Since, As a result, Consequently, Due to X, Thus
• To contrast ideas , i.e. to compare two (or more) ideas and point out some kind of difference between them: however, yet, still, although, on the contrary, but, nevertheless (formal).

Example: Jenny is very fond of children, she’s hardworking and reliable. However , she’s got very little experience of children.

• To express the reason for something or the effect of something : because, as, since, for this/that reason, as a result, therefore ( formal ), consequently ( formal )

Example: Since Jo’s a very hardworking and reliable person with a lot of experience of children I think she’d make an excellent au pair.

• Conclusion transitions signal a summary: Finally, To summarize, In short

Checklist for writing a discussion essay

Directions : Use this guide to check your own essay, or exchange papers with a classmate and use the list to check each other’s essays. In the margins of the essay you are checking, make notes about anything that needs to be revised.

Introduction

• Does the first sentence grab reader’s attention?
• Does the first paragraph provide a general overview of the essay’s topic?
• Does the first paragraph state a main idea or focus of the essay?

Body Paragraphs

• Does each paragraph explain or discuss one aspect using specific details and examples?
• If you write about the advantages and disadvantages of a topic you should keep them apart.
• Have you brought up different aspects of the topic even if you are leaning towards a particular view?
• Does the last paragraph remind readers of the main points of the essay, without going into too much detail and repeating everything readers just read?
• Is the conclusion free of new information (such as another supporting point)?
• Does the conclusion involve something of the following: a brief summary, recommendations, suggestion of a solution or a personal reflection?
• Does one idea flow smoothly into the next?
• Do the sentence structures and lengths vary?
• Does every sentence relate to the thesis?
• Does everything make sense?
• Are the grammar, punctuation, and spelling correct?
• Have I used a correct, varied and advanced vocabulary? Use https://www.thesaurus.com/ to check or come up with new synonyms.

Also look at this video on how to write a discussion essay:

And part two …

Example 1 – The Pros and Cons of Mobile Phones

Mobile phones have become an integral part of our daily lives, and it is hard to imagine a world without them. These devices have revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and interact with each other. However, with their benefits come some downsides, and in this essay, we will discuss the pros and cons of mobile phones.

One of the most significant advantages of mobile phones is that they have made communication more accessible and convenient. With mobile phones, we can quickly call or send a message to someone regardless of their location. This feature is particularly useful during emergencies, and it can save lives in critical situations. Additionally, mobile phones have enabled people to keep in touch with their loved ones and friends, even if they live in different parts of the world.

Another advantage of mobile phones is that they have made information more accessible than ever before. With the internet at our fingertips, we can quickly look up information on anything, from news to sports scores to recipes. This has made learning more accessible and has democratized knowledge. Additionally, mobile phones have made it easier for people to work remotely, and this has increased work flexibility.

Despite their many benefits, mobile phones also have some disadvantages. One of the most significant downsides is that they can be a distraction. Many people find it challenging to focus on tasks when they are constantly receiving notifications and messages. This can lead to decreased productivity and increased stress levels. Moreover, mobile phones have made it easier for people to waste time on social media or games, leading to procrastination and addiction.

Another disadvantage of mobile phones is that they have raised concerns about privacy and security. Mobile phones can store a vast amount of personal data, such as contacts, emails, and passwords. This data can be compromised if the phone is lost, stolen, or hacked. Moreover, mobile phones have raised concerns about government surveillance, and this has led to debates about privacy and civil liberties.

In conclusion, mobile phones have revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and interact with each other. However, with their benefits come some downsides, including distractions, addiction, and concerns about privacy and security. Therefore, it is essential to use mobile phones responsibly and to be aware of their potential drawbacks.

Example 2 of a discussion essay

The Pros and Cons of Video Surveillance

Technology’s advancements throughout the last few decades have brought us a lot of good things and opportunities, but has it all been for the better? Some would argue that technology’s development have also negatively affected society, making us come closer to a “surveillance society”, where citizens keep getting monitored. Others argue that it’s for the citizen’s protection that this surveillance is up. Has this “surveillance society” with camera surveillance improved our way of living or in fact made it worse? This is a widely discussed subject with both pros and cons regarding the video surveillance.

There are some clear positives that have come with the installation of camera surveillance. In UK, they’ve used camera surveillance in an attempt to try and prevent crime. And Will Byrne writes that according to Assistant Chief Constable Simon Byrne, it’s also an important way of gathering evidence. The cameras will definitely scare off some culprits, but you can’t expect it to have the same effect on all locations. The cameras won’t only help the police in the way of gathering evidence, but surveillance operations will be a lot easier to pull off. Cameras can be deployed on drones which will be cheaper and able to work longer than police helicopters. This can be particulary effective in missing person cases. All of these pros bring together a society that’s safe and comfortable for the citizens and police officers.

However, is it worth it when you consider the cost for such advanced equipment? In just UK, the Home Office spent 500 million dollars on CCTV’s alone between 1994 and 2007. Could this money possibly be spent on something more worthwhile? It’s a lot of money spent on a system that won’t always work the way you want it to. And there’s no guarantee that it’ll actually help to decrease the crime rate. And with other departments of technology developing there needs to be a consideration for possible hacks of camera feeds, which could lead to private information ending up in the wrong hands. Furthermore, with the possibility of cameras getting attached to drones, we could see companies such as news agencies exploit this in a way of stalking celebrities. Where could this development end? Armed drones for police work? It seems to be an uncertain future ahead of us.

So is the “surveillance society” getting out of hand or is it something that benefits our society enough for it to maintain? While it’s a lot of money getting spent on surveillance equipment, it’s at the same time expensive with police officers and long investigations which could be decreased with the help of camera proof in certain cases. Cameras are by no means supposed to replace police officers; instead they are a tool to simplify their jobs. It’s not like all these cameras are tied together in a network in a way of tracking people. They are there for the police to go back and look at footage to solve crimes. So the camera surveillance has definitely helped us in our way of achieving a more safe society. It was with the help of cameras that the police could quickly track down the perpetrators of the Boston bombing in 2013, which is just one of many cases.

We do however need to be wary about the future, and see how the surveillance develops. And there needs to be a proper security system so the public information doesn’t end up in the wrong hands. But in today’s society I feel that we have nothing to worry about when it comes to camera surveillance in public, instead I think we should be more worried about what private companies do with our personal information, who we give it to willingly. Plenty of medias who provide free services today make profits by selling personal information.

So in short, the surveillance by the government today is there for our own benefits and is something we should be grateful for. We need to be wary about the future though and see how it develops. Today I feel that the focus should be put on private companies instead of government surveillance, because they’re actually out there trying to make a profit out of our private information.

List of references:

Byrne, Will. (2007) Orwell rolls in his grave: Britain’s endemic surveillance cameras talk back, The Raw Story, 30 May, Available from: http://rawstory.com/news/2007/Orwell_rolls_in_his_grave_0530.html

Cornwell, Rupert. (2011) Home on the range, where the spy drones fly, The Independent, 18 Dec, Available from:  http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/rupert-cornwell/rupert-cornwell-home-on-the-range-where-the-spy-drones-fly-6278668.html

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En gratistjänst från Mattecentrum

a discussion essay

Ser den bra ut?

uppgiftens instruktioner:

2. Sixpence (click to get to the text in the digital book) 

Discuss ”The Difference Between Childrearing Now Versus 100 years Ago”, and compare it with personal knowledge or experiences. Use references from the text to support your arguments.

skrivna text:

Childrearing  is the process to raise up a child from birth through adulthood, the parents should dedicating a quilted time to make them independent persons. The childrearing´s requirement in general  is the love, care and interest.

But in Sixpence story that describing for us how the parents behaved their children before 100 years ago. How the difficulties and  the manner of raising  up a child can affect us as a parent and a child. It´s event telling us about the whipping to be  them more fast and doing according to what parents command. Whipping is when a child suffering of a punishment from someone . Is that a good method to raise up children comparing the modern child raising? is it helpful to employ this manner or helpless?. The child rearing has changed over the years until our present time. I will discuss the difference between childrearing now versus 100 years ago, there are advantages and disadvantages with those aspects.

The modern child  rearing has several advantages than in the past, is more affective and encouraging to get the best outcomes in children. In the current time the most of  parents follows this kind of raising witch is the understanding and care, because when parents building a good relationship with trust and love, children will fells respected and protective of their parents. These kind of parents called authoritative parents the opposite of authoritarian parents, the instance that resenting in Sixpence story .

 There author says that “children are unaccountable little creatures” , in Katherine Mansfield´s text speaks about a boy who is called “Dicky”. Dicky has cold hearted and authoritarian parents, he has suffered always of corporal punishment like whipping, beating  and aggression to raise him. When Dicky did some mistake like that he broke a great big plate, his mother Mrs Bendall heard what he did , and she said “very well Dicky” I shall have to think of some way of punishing you”. Dicky´s mother have not thought of a gentle manner to discipline him. Dicky has not cried or shouted, why?  I think he had assorted of feelings that like frightened and surrendered. Because the corporal punishment is not good way of childrearing, that way is possible to detriment the child outcomes through negative emotions and cognition. They should living  and growing up in a safety environment as possible and to have an enough freedom to understand, and live as happy creatures.

The second advantage with the modern child rearing  is the whipping and beating are not allowed else in the parenting thoughts. They believe and helping their children to believe in themselves as well. When children being stumbled from the most important persons who is the parents, they should obviously achieve their goals with high self- awareness.  With parents understanding and protecting, there is opportunity to make children an obedient creatures and in contrast they showing respect and trusting for their parents.

There are still many people  in society who do not agree and interacting with the modern raising aspect, because they think this way can damaging theirs morals through the unlimited freedom. That’s opinion can be considered for some cases , no respect and no real relationships between parents and children because there are no strong family bonding. This itself can contributing also to failure in parenting progress.  For instance, I have spend a good upbringing  in a healthy family environment , my Mother and father took care of us physically and mentally even when we, I and my brother made us dirty while we playing outside in nature, they have not got any aggression reaction and I think this way of raising has develop our personality skills, that’s way we have full respect and understanding in difficult situations. It happens that we do not agree with them  always but we can to  overcome that through taking a discussion with them.

In summary, modern child rearing has clear advantages, empowering the child personality and the belief as parents on their child ability. In addition to the drawback, the unlimited freedom can  leads occasionally  to a cold, fainty and boundless relationship between the parents and children.

"the parents should dedicating", det ska vara the parents should dedicate :)

"But in Sixpence story that describing",  But in Sixpence story, it described for us.. (jag tycker att detta låter bättre)

 " about the whipping to be   them more  fast"  make  (tycker jag)

" doing according to what parents command" det finns något fel med doing, jag förstår inte riktigt vad du menar där. 

"Whipping is when a child suffering "  Suffers. 

"comparing the modern child " Comparing  to  the modern... 

"is more affective and encouraging .."   it is more effective and encourages

"In the current time the most of  parents follow s  (eftersom parents är fler då behöver man inte s:et.)

"when parents building a good..."  Build

"children will fells respected" jag tror du menar  feel ( känner ) 

"These kind of parents  are called " 

"of  the authoritarian parents" 

" There author says that"  The 

" in Katherine Mansfield´s text speaks about a boy"  it talks 

" When Dicky did some mistake "  mistakes

"like that he broke a great big plate" like when he broke..

 "Dicky´s mother have not thought "  has

"Dicky has not cried or shout ed "  did  not  cry  or  shout. 

"I think he had assorted of feelings that like frightened and surrendered" 

"They should living and growing "  be living and growing /live and grow. 

"to have an enough freedom"

 "is the whipping and beating are not allowed else in the parenting s thoughts." that 

"help ing their children to believe in"

"When children are being stumbled" 

 "most important persons who is the parents"  which are 

"they should obviously achieve their goals with high self-awareness."  would 

"With parents '  "

"there is opportunity to make children an obedient creatures"  an opportunity. 

" in contrast , they showing respect and trusting for their parents."   show respect and trust  for their parents.

"many people  in society" in the society  /  our  society 

" interacting with the modern"  interact. 

"think this way can damaging theirs morals"  that this way can damage their 

"That ’s opinion"  That

"there are no strong"  is

"can contributing "  contribute 

" to failure in"  fail 

"we playing outside"  we play

"made us dirty" alt. came back home with dirty clothes. 

" has develop"  developed. 

"that’s way we have"  in that way, we have../  that's WHY.. 

" can to  overcome" 

" through taking a discussion "

"the child personality"  child's 

"child ability."  child's 

" can   leads occasionally"  lead

Din text är bra, du har bra åsikter och du tar upp viktiga grejer när det gäller ämnet. En tips är att du lär dig när man använder ING-form t.ex play ing. 

Jag är ingen lärare, jag går på gymnasiet andra år (natur), men jag rättade det som lät fel när jag läste den. Det finns fler fel i din text men jag kan inte riktigt sätta fingret på det så det blir bra om du läser den högt för dig själv, för att då kommer du veta vad som låter fel. Och det är också lite svårt att förstå vad du menar i vissa meningar och det är pga att meningen är fel strukturerat och kolla gärna om du sätter in punkt och komma på rätt ställe. 

Tänker att jag skriver dubbla citeringar, en där jag visar vad jag redigerar och en där jag ger förslag på ändring. Vissa delar kommer jag uppmana att du själv kommer på lämplig rättning men skriver detta isåfall!

Childrearing  is the process of raising a child from birth to young adulthood, the parents should dedicate a _____ time to make them independent persons. The childrearing´s requirements in general  is to provide love, care and interest.

Bra introduktion så läsaren vet vad du menar med childrearing. Vet inte vad du menar med "quilted" då detta betyder typ "ihopsydd/ihoplappad" så tror du valt fel ord.

But in Sixpence story that describing for us how the parents behaved their children before 100 years ago. How the difficulties and  the manner of raising  up a child can affect us as a parent and a child. It´s event telling us about the whipping to be  them more fast and doing according to what parents command . Whipping is when a child suffering of a punishment from someone . Is that a good method to raise up children comparing the modern child raising? is it helpful to employ this manner or helpless?. The child rearing has changed over the years until our present time. I will discuss the difference between childrearing now versus 100 years ago, there are advantages and disadvantages with those aspects.

But in Sixpence's story that describes how the parents raised their children a 100 years ago. It explains the difficulties with raising, and the manner of raising, up a child which can affect us as a parent and as a child. It even tells us about the whipping of children to make them hurry and follow their parents' command. Whipping is __________. Is that a good method to raise children compared to the modern method of child raising? Is it helpful to employ this manner or is it harmful?. The child rearing has changed over the years leading up to our present time. I will discuss the difference between childrearing now versus 100 years ago, and the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods.

Bra stycke med intressant inledning till din diskussion som lägger bra grund för essän. En del grammatiska fel som jag rättat till men annars är det bara meningen "Whipping is when a child suffering of a punishment from someone" som jag tycker är lite för bred då "suffering of a punishment from someone" täcker mer än bara "whipping". Det blir då oklart om du menar att barnet piskas, får en rejäl avhyvling eller blir utskälld; vilket alla kan  beskrivas med "whipping" beroende på sammanhang. Skriv en ny beskrivning som är lite mer utförlig så blir det bra!

The modern child  rearing has several advantages than in the past, is more affective and encouraging to get the best outcomes in children. In the current time the most of  parents follows this kind of raising witch is the understanding and care , because when parents building a good relationship with trust and love, children will fells respected and protective of their parents. These kind of parents called authoritative parents the opposite of authoritarian parents, the instance that resenting in Sixpence story .

The modern child  rearing has several advantages over the old method. It is more effective and encouraging in getting the best outcomes for children. In the current time most parents follow this method which focuses on understanding and caring, because when parents build a good relationship with trust and love, children feel respected and protected by their parents. These kinds of parents are called authoritative parents, the opposite of authoritarian parents, the instance that resenting in Sixpence story .

Fint formulerat stycke! Jag förstår inte vad du menar precis i slutet (fetmarkerat i första citeringen) och föreslår att du tar bort det eller formulerar om det!

There author says that “children are unaccountable little creatures” , in Katherine Mansfield´s text speaks about a boy who is called “Dicky”. Dicky has cold hearted and authoritarian parents, he has suffered always of corporal punishment like whipping, beating  and aggression to raise h im. When Dicky did some mistake like that he broke a great big plate, his mother Mrs Bendall heard what he did , and she said “very well Dicky” I shall have to think of some way of punishing you”. Dicky´s mother have not thought of a gentle manner to discipline him. Dicky has not cried or shouted , why?  I think he had assorted of feelings that like frightened and surrendered . Because the corporal punishment is not good way of childrearing, that way is possible to detriment the child outcomes through negative emotions and _____ cognition. They should living  and growing up in a safety environment as possible and to have an enough freedom to understand, and live as happy creatures .

Katherine Mansfield says that “children are unaccountable little creatures”  in her text where speaks about a boy who is called “Dicky”. Dicky has cold-hearted and authoritarian parents. He has suffered corporal punishment like whipping, beating  and aggression as tools to raise him. When Dicky did some mistake, like when he broke a big plate and his mother Mrs Bendall heard what he did , she said “very well Dicky. I shall have to think of some way of punishing you”. Dicky´s mother was not thinking of a gentle manner to discipline him. Dicky did not cry or shout; why?  I think he had a mix of feelings, like fright and the feeling that he should surrender. Corporal punishment is not good way of childrearing, that way is detrimental to the child's outcomes through negative emotions and ______ cognition. They should be living  and growing up in a as safe environment as possible and should have enough freedom to live as happy ____.

Bra stycke! Behövde inte rätts speciellt mycket och du har fint ordval som gör din text beskrivande! Två små saker du får göra själv. 1. "...through negative emotions and cognition" låter lite konstigt då negativ kognition är rätt luddigt begrepp. Skulle föreslå "hämmad kognition" eller något annat beskrivande adjektiv framför "cognition" så läsaren förstår vad du menar att sådan bestraffning har för konsekvenser på barnets kognition! 2. "...happy creatures" låter lite som att du avhumaniserar barnen då "creature" översätts till "varelse"; kan tolkas något underligt. "Beings" eller "individuals" är mer passande i sammanhanget.

The second advantage with the modern childrearing is that the whipping and beating is eliminated from the parents' thoughts. They instead believe in helping their children to believe in themselves as well. When children are treated poorly by the most important persons, their parents, they obviously can't achieve their goals with high self- awareness.  With parents understanding and protecting them, there is opportunity to make children obedient and in contrast they show respect and trust for their parents.

Detta stycket tycker jag var väldigt svårt att förstå och jag har försökt mitt bästa att tolka och rätta. Den fetstilade meningen förstår jag inte vad du försöker förmedla så jag gjorde en egen tolkning så finns en risk att jag ändrat så att den inte representerar vad du ville säga. Om det verkar konstigt kan du försöka skriva om meningen igen så kan jag kika!

There are still many people  in society who do not agree and interacting with the modern raising aspect , because they think this way can damaging theirs morals through the unlimited freedom. That’s opinion can be considered for some cases , no respect and no real relationships between parents and children because there are no strong family bonding. This itself can contributing also to failure in parenting progress.  For instance, I have spend a good upbringing  in a healthy family environment , my Mother and father took care of us physically and mentally even when we, I and my brother made us dirty while we playing outside in nature, they have not got any aggression reaction and I think this way of raising has develop our personality skills, that’s way we have full respect and understanding in difficult situations. It happens that we do not agree with them   always but we can to  overcome that through taking a discussion with them.

There are still many people  in society who do not agree with the modern childraising methods, because they think this can damage their morals through the unlimited freedom. That opinion can be considered for some cases. No respect and no real relationships between parents and children because there are no strong family bonding. This itself can contribute also to failure in parenting progress.  For instance, I have had a good upbringing  in a healthy family environment. My mother and father took care of us physically and mentally even when we, my brother and I, made ourselves dirty while we playing outside in nature. They did not get any aggressive reaction and I think this way of raising us has developed our personality skills. That way we have full respect and understanding of difficult situations. It happens that we do not always agree with them  but we can to  overcome that through having a discussion with them.

Bästa stycket grammatiskt! Några få böjningar och omkastningar bara men annars en väldigt bra prestation språkmässigt! Snyggt!

In summary, modern childrearing has clear advantages, empowering the child personality and the belief as parents on their child ability . In addition to the drawback, the unlimited freedom can   leads occasionally  to a cold, fainty and boundless relationship between the parents and children.

In summary, modern childrearing has clear advantages, empowering the child's personality and the belief as parents in their child abilities. However, the drawback of unlimited freedom can occasionally lead to a cold, fainty and boundless relationship between parents and children.

Bra sammanfattning! "Fainty" är ett väldigt intressant ordval jag inte stött på tidigare tror jag men går att förstå i sammanhanget, häftig detalj! "Boundless" tycker jag dock passar lite sämre då jag förstår vad du men kan också tolkas som att relationen inte har några gränser och kan därför utforma sig på massa positiva sätt, snarare än att det saknas gränser för vad som är tillåtet vilket är det jag tolkar att du menar egentligen. "Boundaryless" är en synonym som lägger vikt på just gränser i auktoritär mening och kanske passar bättre, men det gör du som du vill då det bara är en liten detalj!

Bra jobbat med texten och av att jämföra med dina tidigare texter jag läst igenom så tycker jag att du blir bättre och bättre på grammatiken och att ditt ordförråd, som var bra redan från början, har växt ännu mer! Kul att se!

hej Anticap, du hade helt rätt med första stycket vilket är : The second advantage with the modern childrearing is that the whipping and beating is eliminated from the parents' thoughts. They instead believe in helping their children to believe in themselves as well. When children are treated poorly by the most important persons, their parents, they obviously can't achieve their goals with high self- awareness.  With parents understanding and protecting them, there is opportunity to make children obedient and in contrast they show respect and trust for their parents. 

men i andra stycket menade jag att : When children are supported by the most important persons who is the parents, they should obviously achieve their goals with high self- awareness.  

så vad tycker du ska jag använda den , låter det lämpligt?

best regards and thanks for supporting !

Anticap, vad tycker du om detta stycke som mina åsikter och rekommendationer:

I believe that learning by doing, and it explain how children can be if we behave them with positive or negative behaviours and methods. We can´t  to produce a good new generation of young people without merciful and wise parents.

men i andra stycket menade jag att : When children are supported by the most important persons who is the parents, they should obviously achieve their goals with high self- awareness.   så vad tycker du ska jag använda den , låter det lämpligt?

Den är lite felaktig grammatiskt men främst förstår jag inte innebörden? Att uppnå sina mål med hög nivå av självinsikt är inte för mig något bekant eller något som folk nödvändigtvis eftersträvar? Men om det är det du vill säga så är "When children are supported by the most important persons, their parents, it is obvious that they will achieve their goals with high self-awareness"  mer korrekt grammatiskt!

I believe that learning by doing, and it explain how children can be if we behave them with positive or negative behaviours and methods. We can´t   to produce a good new generation of young people without merciful and wise parents.

I believe in learning by doing, and it explains to children how they should act when we ourselves express positive or negative behaviours and methods. We can´t  produce a good, new generation of young people without merciful and wise parents.

Bra tillägg men förstod inte riktigt om du hade någon speciell plats i texten du tänkte lägga till den i, jag skulle föreslå i slutet om det inte redan var det du hade tänkt.

ja , exkat jag vill lägga de i sluttet av texten som egna åsikter och rekommendationer

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Planeringar

Plan for English 7

Kungshögaskolan, Mjölby · Senast uppdaterad: 13 september 2021

Plan for English 7 2021-2022

English 7 2021/2022

Checkpoints

W 35-42           Application and grammar diagnosis

                          Register, outline and structure incl. genre specifics

                          Real Time3 with writing exercises, ch 1-5 (RealTime 3)

                          Thursday/Friday October 14/15: Test RT3, chapters 1 – 5

                          Individual grammar work! (Continuously until spring term)

W 42-45           Literature history and intro fiction reading. Literary analysis (prose).

W 45-51           Letter of complaint

The 5-paragraph essay

Obesity, Letter to the editor

                          Fiction discussions (literary analysis, groups)

Terms of Agreement – contracts we sign

  (Spring term dates are preliminary)                                                                                       

W 2-3               Dialects and accents around the world

W 4                   Monday/Tuesday January 27/28: Grammar test

W 4-7               Surveillance and Security theme (texts, discussions, discussion essay)

Poetry analysis

                          Abstracts

W 7-11             Time article, present and discuss (Rhetoric)

W 12                Thursday/ Friday March 24/25: Essay test with citation (“National Test” in writing)

W 18 -              Novel, free of choice (written or/and oral presentation, teacher’s choice)

W 18 -              Individual project with oral presentation

Major assignments

Formal application

Preference essay Ch 1, Animals or Living

Fact summary with source, Ch 4

Test RealTime3

Grammar work (continuous)

Letter to the Editor/Debate article

Letter of complaint

Fiction analysis discussions

Discussion essay (Surveillance and Security)

Oral presentation as discussion leader

Essay, National Test (incl. citation)

Novel analysis

Oral presentation of project

Läroplanskopplingar

Innehåller inga läroplanspunkter

Matriser i planeringen

Innehåller inga matriser

Innehåller inga uppgifter

• Ebooks & Courses
• Practice Tests

How To Plan & Write IELTS Discussion Essays

Students can find it difficult to identify IELTS discussion essays and often confuse them with either opinion essays or advantage and disadvantage essays.

This is one of the issues I’ll be covering in this lesson. I’m also going to show you how to plan and write discussion essays step-by-step.

Here’s what we’ll be covering:

• Identifying IELTS discussion essays 
• 3 Common mistakes
• Essay structure
• How to plan
• How to write an introduction
• How to write main body paragraphs
• How to write a conclusion

Want to watch and listen to this lesson?

Click on this video.

Click the links to see lessons on each of these Task 2 essay writing topics. 

Once you understand the process, practice on past questions. Take your time at first and gradually speed up until you can plan and write an essay of at least 250 words in the 40 minutes allowed in the exam.

The Question

The first part of the question for an IELTS discussion essay will be a statement containing two opposing views.

You will then be asked to discuss both sides of the argument and give your own opinion. Here is some typical wording that might be used:

• Discuss both views and give your opinion. 
• Discuss both these views and then give your own opinion. 
• Discuss both sides of this argument and give your own opinion.

Here's a question from a past test paper.

Some people think that zoos are cruel and should be closed down. Others, however, believe that zoos can be useful in protecting wild animals.

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

I’ll be using this question to guide you through the process of planning and writing an IELTS discussion essay.

The key to identifying this type of question is the fact that you are required to discuss BOTH views. This is different to opinion questions where you must decide between two opposing views and make an argument to support your own opinion.

Opinion essays , also known as ‘agree or disagree’ essays, a generally worded in one of these ways:

What is your opinion? / Do you agree or disagree? / To what extent do you agree or disagree?

The other essay type that students mistake for discussion essays is advantages and disadvantages essays . With these, the statement will contain just one view and the question will typically be written as shown in this sample question.

School children are using computers in school more than ever.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this and give your own opinion.

The consequence of incorrectly identifying the question type is that you will use the wrong structure for your essay. This is a major reason why people make the mistakes we’ll now look at.

3 Common Mistakes

These three errors are common in IELTS discussion essays.

• Not stating your opinion.
• Not giving arguments for both views.
• Not developing both sides of the argument equally.

The most common mistake that students make is not giving their opinion. The question will clearly state that you must choose one side of the argument to agree with. If you fail to do this, you will get a low score for task achievement.

It doesn’t matter which side of the argument you take or even, that you actually agree with it.

However, you must give equal attention to both sides. A common error is to provide a stronger argument for the view you favour. This leads to an unbalanced essay and a low score for task achievement. 

Essay Structure

Now let’s look at a simple structure you can use to write IELTS discussion essays. It’s not the only possible structure but it’s the one I recommend because it’s easy to learn and will enable you to quickly plan and write a high-level essay.

1)  Introduction

• Paraphrase the question
• State two supporting reasons
• Give your opinion

  2)  Main body paragraph 1

• Topic sentence – outline the view you don’t agree with
• Explanation – explain why this view is held by some people
• Example – give an example

 3 )  Main body paragraph 2

• Topic sentence – outline the view you do agree with

  4)  Conclusion

• Summarise the key points and state your opinion

This structure will give us a well-balanced essay with 4 paragraphs.

We now need some ideas to add into the structure and we’ll have everything we need for our essay.

How To Plan IELTS Discussion Essays

# 1  analyse the question.

This is an essential step in the planning process and will ensure that you answer the question fully. It’s quick and easy to do. You just need to identify 3 different types of words:

1. Topic words

2.  Other keywords

3.  Instruction words

We’ve already considered the instruction words (the actual question) so we’ll focus on the first two.

Topics words are the ones that identify the general subject of the question.

Some people think that zoos  are cruel and should be closed down. Others, however, believe that  zoos  can be useful in protecting wild animals.

So, this question is about ‘ zoos ’.

Many people do this first step of the process and then write about the topic in general. This is a serious mistake and leads to low marks for task achievement.

What we need to do now that we know the general topic, is to understand exactly what aspect of zoos we're being asked to write about.

The other keywords in the question tell you the specific topic you must write about. They define the opinions stated in the statement.

Some people think tha t zoos are cruel and should be closed down . Others, however, believe that zoos c an be useful in protecting wild animals .

By highlighting these words, it’s easy to see that you are being asked to write about the opposing views that zoos are cruel and should be closed down and that zoos can be useful in protecting wild animals. Your essay must only include ideas relevant to these ideas.

# 2  Decide on your opinion

As already mentioned, it doesn’t matter if you genuinely agree with the view you take in your essay or not. IELTS discussion essays are about your ability to write a well-structured essay in the English language and you will not be assessed on any opinion you might hold.

So, choose one view and make sure that your opinion is clear throughout the essay.

For this model essay, I’m going to agree with the statement that zoos are cruel and should be closed down.

# 3  Generate ideas

The next task is to generate some ideas to write about.

There are several different ways to think up ideas. I cover them fully on the  IELTS Essay Planning  page.

We’re going to use the ‘friends technique’. This is my preferred method as it allows you to take a step back from the stress of the exam situation and think more calmly.

Here’s how it works. Imagine you are chatting with a friend and they ask you the question in a casual conversation. What answers would you give them off the top of your head? Plan your essay around these ideas.

Doing this will help you to come up with simple answers in everyday language rather than straining your brain to think of amazing ideas using high level-language, which isn’t necessary.

You might want to try this yourself before reading on for my ideas.

Here are my ideas:

Cruel  – closed down:

• Cramped cages – animals distressed
• Unnatural environments
• Most animals not endangered
• Animals become a public spectacle for entertainment

Useful – protect wild animals:

• Research work to learn more about wild animals
• Breeding programmes for endangered species
• Some species saved from extinction
• Seeing wild animals close up inspires people to want to help protect them

I’ve got more ideas here than I need so I’m going to pick two to develop in the essay – one for each of the main body paragraphs.

Idea 1  –  Cramped cages & unnatural environments, animals distressed.

Idea 2  –  Breeding programmes for endangered species, some species saved from extinction.

We’re almost ready to start writing our IELTS discussion essay but first, we have one other small task to do.

# 4  Vocabulary

In an IELTS essay, it’s important to be able to say the same things in different ways, either by paraphrasing and/or using synonyms. During the planning stage, quickly jot down a few synonyms of key words you could use to save you having to stop and think of the right language while you’re writing.

For example:

zoos  – animals in captivity, collections of wild animals, menagerie, wildlife park

cruel  – to cause suffering, inhumane

protect  – safeguard, preserve

animals  – creatures, species

With that done, we can focus on the first paragraph of the essay – the introduction.

How To Write an Introduction

Good introductions to IELTS discussion essays have a simple 3 part structure:

1)  Paraphrase the question

2)  State two supporting reasons (outline statement)

3)  Give your opinion (thesis statement)

• Have 2-3 sentences
• Be 40-60 words long
• Take 5 minutes to write

Start your introduction by paraphrasing the question.

Question:   Some people think that zoos are cruel and should be closed down. Others, however, believe that zoos can be useful in protecting wild animals.

There are various phrases you can use to do this. Here are three examples. They all say the same thing using different language.

• Some people argue that… while others say that…
• It is considered by some…. while there are others who think….
• It is often argued that... whilst others disagree and think...

Choose one and add the details in the question statement in a paraphrased form. I recommend putting the view you don’t agree with first.

Paraphrased question:  

Some people argue that zoos help to preserve wild creatures, while others say that they are inhumane and should be abolished.

Note my use of synonyms. You don’t have to replace every key word but do so where possible whilst ensuring that your language sounds natural. There aren’t any suitable synonyms of ‘zoo’ that I can think of, so I've repeated this word from the statement.

2)  Thesis and outline statements

Now we need to add an  outline statement  where you outline the two main points that you’ll cover in the rest of the essay (ideas 1 and 2 above) and a  thesis statement  where you state your opinion.

Outline & thesis statements:

While the development of breeding programmes contributes to the preservation of endangered species, I believe that the poor conditions that many animals held in captivity are kept in make the existence of zoos unacceptable. 

So, let’s bring the three elements of our introduction together.

     Introduction

This introduction achieves three important functions:

• It shows the examiner that you understand the question.
• It acts as a guide to the examiner as to what your essay is about.
• It also helps to keep you focused and on track as you write.

The two ideas in your introduction will become your two main body paragraphs.

Main body paragraph 1  – Breeding programmes for endangered species, some species saved from extinction.

Main body paragraph 2  – Cramped cages & unnatural environments, animals distressed.

How To Write Main Body Paragraphs

Main body paragraphs in IELTS discussion essays should contain 3 things:

It is easier to begin by discussing the opinion you don’t agree with and then present the reasons for the opposing view that you support. So, we’ll start with idea 1.

Main Body Paragraph 1

The  topic sentence  summarises the main idea of the paragraph. That’s all it needs to do so it doesn’t have to be complicated.

It plays an important role in ensuring that your ideas flow logically from one to another. It does this by acting as a signpost for what is to come next, that is, what the paragraph will be about.

If you maintain a clear development of ideas throughout your essay, you will get high marks for task achievement and cohesion and coherence.

We’ll now take the idea for our first main body paragraph and create our topic sentence.

Topic sentence:  

On the one hand, there are many projects in existence in zoological parks around the world where species facing extinction have been successfully bred in captivity and their numbers increased substantially.

Next, we must write an  explanation sentence that expands on the idea. This explains to the examiner what we mean or why this is the case.

Explanation sentence: 

This is important for ensuring the survival of animals under threat from poaching and the destruction of their natural environments.

Finally, we add an  example  to support our main point. If you can’t think of a real example, it’s fine to make one up, as long as it’s believable. The examiner isn’t going to check your facts.

Example sentence:

A good example of this is the golden lion tamarin from Brazil which nearly died out because of logging and mining activities which are destroying its habitat. Today, a third of wild golden lion tamarins were raised in captivity.

That’s the 3 parts of our first main body paragraph complete. Here’s the finished paragraph.

We now follow the same process for our second main body paragraph.

Main Body Paragraph 2

Main idea 2  – Cramped cages & unnatural environments, animals distressed.

First, we write the  topic sentence  to summarise the main idea. I started main body paragraph 1 with the phrase ‘On the one hand...’, so main body paragraph 2 will naturally begin, ‘On the other hand... .

These are great cohesive devices to use when making a direct contrast between two opposing views and they link the ideas together well. They can be used in most IELTS discussion essays and will help to earn you a good score for cohesion and coherence.

Topic sentence:

On the other hand, a significant percentage of zoos house their animals in cramped cages with very little space to move around or behave naturally.

Now for the  explanation sentence  where we expand on this idea.

Explanation sentence:

This can lead to them becoming distressed and depressed as well as suffering physically through lack of exercise.

Finally, an  example  to support this point.

A friend of mine recently visited a wildlife park while on holiday abroad and was very upset to see the lions pacing up and down in a narrow, bare pen and eagles in enclosures so small that they were unable to fly.

That’s the 3 parts of our second main body paragraph complete. Here’s the finished paragraph.

Now we need a conclusion and our IELTS discussion essay is done.

How To Write a Conclusion

Conclusions to IELTS discussion essays should do two things:

• Summarise the main points
• State your opinion

This can generally be done in a single sentence.

If you're below the minimum 250 words after you’ve written your conclusion, you can add a prediction or recommendation statement.

Our essay currently has 231 words so we’re on target and don’t need this extra sentence but you can learn more about how to write a prediction or recommendation statement for IELTS discussion essays on the Task 2 Conclusions page.

The conclusion is the easiest sentence in the essay to write but one of the most important.

A good conclusion will:

• Neatly end the essay
• Link all your ideas together
• Sum up your argument or opinion
• Answer the question

If you achieve this, you’ll improve your score for both task achievement and cohesion and coherence which together make up 50% of the overall marks. Without a conclusion, you’ll score below band 6 for task achievement.

You can start almost any final paragraph of an IELTS discussion essay with the words:

• In conclusion

        or

• To conclude

Now all you need to do is briefly summarise the main ideas into one sentence.

Here’s a top tip . Go back and read the introduction to the essay because this is also a summary of the essay. It outlines what you are going to write about.

To create a great conclusion, you simply have to paraphrase the introduction. Let’s give it a go.

Introduction:

Here is the same information formed into a conclusion:

That’s it. We’ve completed our essay. Here it is with the 4 paragraphs put together.

Finished IELTS discussion essay.

Go through this lesson as many times as you need to in order to fully understand it and put in lots of practice writing IELTS discussion essays from past exam questions. Practice is the only way to improve your skills.

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More help with ielts discussion essays & other task 2 essays.

IELTS Writing Task 2  – T he format, the 5 question types, the 5 step essay writing strategy & sample questions. All the key information you need to know.

The 5 Types of Task 2 Essay   – How to recognise the 5 different types of Task 2 essays. 15 sample questions to study and a simple planning structure for each essay type.

Understanding Task 2 Questions  – How to quickly and easily analyse and understand IELTS Writing Task 2 questions.

How To Plan a Task 2 Essay  – Discover why essay planning is essential & learn a simple 4 step strategy, the 4 part essay structure & 4 methods of generating ideas.

How To Write a Task 2 Introduction  – Find out why a good introduction is essential. Learn how to write one using a simple 3 part strategy & discover 4 common mistakes to avoid.

How To Write Task 2 Main Body Paragraphs  – Learn the simple 3 part structure for writing great main body paragraphs and also, 3 common mistakes to avoid. 

How To Write Task 2 Conclusions  – Learn the easy way to write the perfect conclusion for a Task 2 essay. Also discover 4 common mistakes to avoid.

Task 2 Marking Criteria  – Find out how to meet the marking criteria in Task 2. See examples of good and poor answers & learn some common mistakes to avoid.

The 5 Task 2 Essay Types:

Step-by-step instructions on how to plan & write high-level essays. Model answers & common mistakes to avoid.

   Opinion Essays

   Discussion Essays

  Problem Solution Essays

  Advantages & Disadvantages Essays

  Double Question Essays

Other Related Pages

IELTS Writing Test  – Understand the format & marking criteria, know what skills are assessed & learn the difference between the Academic & General writing tests.

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Discussion essays Considering both sides of the argument

Discussion essays are a common form of academic writing. This page gives information on what a discussion essay is and how to structure this type of essay. Some vocabulary for discussion essays is also given, and there is an example discussion essay on the topic of studying overseas.

What are discussion essays?

Many essay titles require you to examine both sides of a situation and to conclude by saying which side you favour. These are known as discussion or for and against essays. In this sense, the academic meaning of the word discuss is similar to its everyday meaning, of two people talking about a topic from different sides. For a discussion essay, a balanced view is normally essential. This makes discussion essays distinct from persuasion essays , for which only one side of the argument is given. When writing a discussion essay, it is important to ensure that facts and opinions are clearly separated. Often you will examine what other people have already said on the same subject and include this information using paraphrasing and summarising skills, as well as correct citations .

The following are examples of discussion essay topics.

• Examine the arguments for and against capital punishment.
• Schools should teach children not only academic subjects but also important life skills. Discuss.
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of technology in the classroom?

Although the structure of a discussion essay may vary according to length and subject, there are several components which most discussion essays have in common. In addition to general statements and thesis statement which all good essay introductions contain, the position of the writer will often be stated, along with relevant definitions . The main body will examine arguments for (in one or more paragraphs) and arguments against (also in one or more paragraphs). The conclusion will contain a summary of the main points, and will often conclude with recommendations , based on what you think are the most important ideas in the essay. The conclusion may also contain your opinion on the topic, also based on the preceding evidence.

An overview of this structure is given in the diagram below.

Discussion vocabulary

When summarising the stages in a discussion or in presenting your arguments, it can be useful to mark the order of the items or degrees of importance. The following words and phrases can be used.

• First..., First of all..., The most important...
• Second..., In the second place...
• Finally..., Lastly...

The following can be used when introducing your opinion.

• There is no doubt that...
• I believe that...
• One of the main arguments in favour of/against X is that...

It is important in English writing, including academic writing, to use synonyms rather than repeating the same word. The following are useful synonyms for 'advantage' and 'disadvantage'.

• advantage: benefit, a positive aspect/feature, pro (informal)
• disadvantage: drawback, a negative aspect/feature, con (informal)

Example essay

Below is an example discussion essay. Click on the different areas (in the shaded boxes to the right) to highlight the different structural aspects in this essay.

Title: An increasing number of students are going overseas for tertiary education. To what extent does this overseas study benefit the students?

Most people spend around fifteen years of their life in education, from primary school to university study. In the past, students only had the opportunity to study in their own country. Nowadays, however, it is increasingly easy to study overseas, especially at tertiary level. Tertiary education, also called post-secondary education, is the period of study spent at university. As the final aspect of schooling before a person begins their working life, it is arguably the most important stage of their education. While there are some undoubted benefits of this trend, such as the language environment and improved employment prospects , there is also a significant disadvantage, namely the high cost . The first and most important advantage of overseas study is the language learning environment. Students studying overseas will not only have to cope with the local language for their study, but will also have to use it outside the classroom for their everyday life. These factors should make it relatively easy for such students to advance their language abilities. Another important benefit is employability. Increasing globalisation means that there are more multinational companies setting up offices in all major countries. These companies will need employees who have a variety of skills, including the fluency in more than one language. Students who have studied abroad should find it much easier to obtain a job in this kind of company. There are, however, some disadvantages to overseas study which must be considered, the most notable of which is the expense. In addition to the cost of travel, which in itself is not inconsiderable, overseas students are required to pay tuition fees which are usually much higher than those of local students. Added to this is the cost of living, which is often much higher than in the students' own country. Although scholarships may be available for overseas students, there are usually very few of these, most of which will only cover a fraction of the cost. Overseas study therefore constitutes a considerable expense. In summary, studying abroad has some clear advantages, including the language environment and increased chances of employment , in addition to the main drawback, the heavy financial burden . I believe that this experience is worthwhile for those students whose families can readily afford the expense. Students without such strong financial support should consider carefully whether the high cost outweighs the benefits to be gained.

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Below is a checklist for discussion essays. Use it to check your own writing, or get a peer (another student) to help you.

Bailey, S. (2000). Academic Writing. Abingdon: RoutledgeFalmer

Cox, K. and D. Hill (2004). EAP now! Frenchs Forest: Pearson Education Australia

Jordan, R.R. (1999). Academic Writing Course. Cambridge: CUP

Roberts R., J. Gokanda, & A. Preshous (2004). IELTS Foundation. Oxford: Macmillian

Next section

Find out how to write persuasion essays in the next section.

Previous section

Go back to the previous section about different essay types .

Author: Sheldon Smith    ‖    Last modified: 16 January 2022.

Sheldon Smith is the founder and editor of EAPFoundation.com. He has been teaching English for Academic Purposes since 2004. Find out more about him in the about section and connect with him on Twitter , Facebook and LinkedIn .

Compare & contrast essays examine the similarities of two or more objects, and the differences.

Cause & effect essays consider the reasons (or causes) for something, then discuss the results (or effects).

Discussion essays require you to examine both sides of a situation and to conclude by saying which side you favour.

Problem-solution essays are a sub-type of SPSE essays (Situation, Problem, Solution, Evaluation).

Transition signals are useful in achieving good cohesion and coherence in your writing.

Reporting verbs are used to link your in-text citations to the information cited.

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Các dạng bài & cách viết ielts writing task 1, các dạng writing task 2 thường gặp và định hướng làm bài, ielts speaking part 1: các chủ đề thường gặp và bí quyết trả lời, tổng hợp bộ từ vựng ielts writing task 1, từ vựng ielts theo chủ đề phổ biến, bảng quy đổi điểm toeic sang ielts chi tiết nhất, cách viết ielts writing task 1 dạng line graph, cách viết writing task 1 dạng bar chart chỉ với 3 bước cực hiệu quả, cách viết writing task 1 dạng map đạt điểm cao, hướng dẫn viết dạng bài writing task 1 process/diagram chi tiết.

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Cách viết Discussion Essay và bài mẫu trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Hướng dẫn cách viết dạng bài discussion essay từng bước cụ thể ghi điểm cao. Cùng với bài mẫu tham khảo & các sai lầm phổ biến cần tránh & tips làm bài.

Chủ đề bài viết

Đối với IELTS Writing Task 2 , bạn sẽ được yêu cầu viết một bài luận về một chủ đề bất kỳ với nhiều dạng bài khác nhau, trong đó discussion essay là dạng bài rất phổ biến. Thí sinh đôi khi khó nhận biết dạng bài này bởi thường nhầm lẫn với dạng bài opinion essay hay advantage/disadvantage essay. Bài viết sau đây IDP IELTS chia sẻ đến bạn cũng như cách nhận biết, cách viết discussion essay và bài mẫu tham khảo.

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1. Discussion essay là gì?

Dạng discussion essay trong IELTS Writing sẽ đưa ra hai vấn đề/quan điểm trái ngược nhau và yêu cầu người viết bàn luận về cả hai vấn đề/quan điểm đó và đưa ra ý kiến cá nhân của mình. Điều quan trọng là bạn cần giữ được tính khách quan khi phân tích các khía cạnh của vấn đề, rồi từ đó mới đưa ra ý kiến cá nhân. Dưới đây là một số yêu cầu đề bài thường gặp:

Discuss both views and give your opinion. 

Discuss both these views and then give your own opinion. 

Discuss both sides of this argument and give your own opinion.

Some people think that zoos are cruel and should be closed down. Others, however, believe that zoos can be useful in protecting wild animals.

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

In many countries, traditional foods are being replaced by international fast food. Many people think that it is good to eat traditional food while others believe that fast food is a good choice.

Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Đăng Ký Thi IELTS Trên Máy Tính Ngay

2. Cách nhận biết discussion essay

Nếu đề bài yêu cầu như Discuss both these views…/Discuss both views…/Discuss both sides …thì chính là dạng bài discussion essay. Chìa khóa nhận biết là đề bài đưa ra một vấn đề với hai ý kiến trái chiều và bạn cần bàn luận cả hai, và đưa thêm quan điểm cá nhân của chính bạn. Thí sinh thường nhầm lẫn dạng bài opinion và advantages/disadvantages.

Dạng bài opinion essay yêu cầu bạn đưa ra một quan điểm và dùng những lý luận để phân tích quan điểm đó. 

Dạng bài advantages/disadvantages đưa ra một vấn đề, có thể là một sự phát triển về mặt nào đó, sau đó yêu cầu bạn đưa ra các ưu điểm và nhược điểm của xu hướng này. 

3. Những lỗi thường gặp trong discussion essay

Khi bạn xác định sai dạng bài, bài luận sẽ không đáp ứng yêu cầu đề bài. Sau đây là 3 sai lầm thường gặp khi làm bài discussion essay:

Không đưa ra ý kiến ​​​​cá nhân.

Không phân tích hai mặt quan điểm.

Không phân tích hai mặt quan điểm một cách đồng đều.

Sai lầm phổ biến nhất mà thí sinh mắc phải là không đưa ra ý kiến cá nhân ​​của mình. Đề bài yêu cầu bạn nêu ý kiến cá nhân, liệu sau khi phân tích thì cuối cùng bạn nghiêng về bên nào hơn. Nếu bạn không trình bày được, bạn sẽ không ghi điểm cho tiêu chí Task achievement (khả năng hoàn thành yêu cầu bài thi).

Bạn hãy nhớ rằng, không quan trọng bạn đồng ý khía cạnh nào của quan điểm hoặc thậm chí là bạn đồng ý với nó như thế nào. Tuy nhiên, bạn phải phân tích đồng đều cho cả hai vế. Lỗi mà thí sinh thường mắc phải là phân tích quan điểm họ đồng tình sâu sắc hơn, dẫn đến sự mất cân bằng trong lập luận của cả hai quan điểm.

Đăng Ký Thi IELTS Trên Giấy Ngay

4. Cấu trúc của một bài discussion essay

Cấu trúc bài là một phần quan trọng không thể thiếu khi viết bất kỳ dạng bài nào. Tương tự như các dạng essay khác, discussion essay bao gồm 3 phần chính mở bài, thân bài, kết bài.

Cấu trúc này sẽ giúp bài discussion essay cân đối. Sau đây là các bước chuẩn bị giúp bạn làm bài hiệu quả.

5. Các bước chuẩn bị viết discussion essay

Bước 1: phân tích đề bài.

Phân tích đề bài là một bước quan trọng trong quá trình chuẩn bị đảm bảo bạn hoàn thành bài luận theo yêu cầu đề bài. Bước này vô cùng dễ thực hiện. Bạn chỉ cần xác định 3 ý sau:

Xác định chủ đề cần bàn luận là gì.

Xác định quan điểm/vấn đề của chủ đề.

Xác định yêu cầu đề bài.

Chủ đề nói về zoos .

Sau khi bạn xác định được chủ đề thì hãy xác định quan điểm mà đề bài yêu cầu viết về. 

Some people think that zoos are cruel and should be closed down . Others, however, believe that zoos can be useful in protecting wild animals .

Thông qua những từ khóa này, đề bài yêu cầu viết về hai quan điểm trái ngược nhau. Sở thú là nơi tàn nhẫn và không nên hoạt động, mặc khác cho rằng chúng hữu ích trong việc bảo vệ động vật hoang dã. Bạn cần phân tích hai quan điểm này.

Xem thêm: Làm sao để hiểu đề bài luận trong Writing Task 2

Bước 2: Chọn quan điểm mà bạn đồng ý

Giám khảo đánh giá bài luận của bạn thông qua khả năng viết tiếng Anh với một cấu trúc tốt hay không, không quan trọng là bạn đồng ý với quan điểm nào. Vì vậy, bạn có thể chọn quan điểm nào mà bạn đồng tình và đảm bảo nó rõ ràng, thống nhất trong bài luận. Đối với đề bài này, bạn có thể đồng ý với nhận định rằng sở thú là nơi tàn nhẫn và không nên hoạt động.

Bước 3: Lên ý tưởng & Lập dàn ý bài discussion essay

Bước tiếp theo là lên một số ý tưởng và lập dàn ý để viết.

Để không căng thẳng và bình tĩnh suy nghĩ trong lúc làm bài, bạn hãy tưởng tượng bạn đang trò chuyện với một người và họ hỏi bạn câu hỏi thường nhật. Bạn sẽ trả lời họ như thế nào? Từ đó, hãy lập dàn ý cho bài luận từ những ý tưởng trả lời của bạn.

Cách này sẽ giúp bạn đưa ra câu trả lời đơn giản với từ ngữ không quá phức tạp. Hãy thử mẹo này nhé.

Đây là một số ý tưởng bạn có thể tham khảo:

Cruel – closed down:

Cramped cages – animals distressed

Unnatural environments

Most animals not endangered

Animals become a public spectacle for entertainment

Useful – protect wild animals:

Research work to learn more about wild animals

Breeding programmes for endangered species

Some species saved from extinction

Seeing wild animals close up inspires people to want to help protect them

Trên đây có khá nhiều ý tưởng, bạn có thể chọn hai ý để làm luận cứ phân tích và bàn luận cho hai quan điểm.

Idea 1 – Cramped cages & unnatural environments, animals distressed.

Idea 2 – Breeding programmes for endangered species, some species saved from extinction.

Bước 4: Chuẩn bị từ vựng

Trong bài luận IELTS, điều quan trọng là có thể diễn đạt cùng một ý nghĩa theo những cách khác nhau, bằng cách paraphrase hoặc sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa. Trong bước lập dàn ý, hãy nhanh chóng ghi lại một vài từ đồng nghĩa mà bạn có thể sử dụng.

zoos – animals in captivity, collections of wild animals, menagerie, wildlife park

cruel – to cause suffering, inhumane

protect – safeguard, preserve

animals – creatures, species

Sau khi hoàn tất các bước chuẩn bị, chúng ta bắt tay vào việc viết bài.

6. Hướng dẫn cách viết discussion essay

Cách viết phần mở bài.

Phần mở bài của discussion essay gồm 3 phần đơn giản:

Paraphrase câu hỏi.

Tổng quan ý tưởng sẽ phân tích cho hai quan điểm mà bạn đề cập trong phần thân bài.

Đưa ra ý kiến cá nhân.

Phần mở bài nên từ 2 - 3 câu. 40 - 60 từ. Dành 5 phút để viết.

Paraphrase câu hỏi

Bắt đầu phần mở bài bằng cách paraphrase câu hỏi.

Bạn có thể sử dụng nhiều cụm từ để paraphrase câu hỏi. Sau đây là ví dụ các cụm từ khác nhau nhưng thể hiện cùng ý nghĩa.

Some people argue that… while others say that…

It is considered by some…. while there are others who think….

It is often argued that... whilst others disagree and think...

Chọn một trong các ví dụ trên và paraphrase câu hỏi. Bạn có thể đề cập quan điểm mà bạn không đồng ý trước.

Lưu ý việc sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa trong ví dụ mẫu. Bạn không cần phải thay thế các từ trong câu, bạn có thể thay bằng từ khác nếu nó phù hợp và tự nhiên.

Tổng quan ý tưởng và luận điểm cá nhân

Tiếp theo, bạn cần thêm một câu tổng quan về ý tưởng để làm luận cứ cho hai quan điểm mà bạn sẽ trình bày trong phần thân bài (idea 1 và 2 ví dụ trên) và một câu thể hiện quan điểm cá nhân của mình.

Sau đây là phần mở bài hội tụ đủ 3 phần:

Phần mở bài này đáp ứng được ba chức năng quan trọng:

Giúp giám khảo thấy rằng bạn hiểu đề bài.

Giúp giám khảo nắm bắt nội dung chính bài luận.

Giúp bạn tập trung và đi đúng hướng khi viết.

Xem thêm: Cách viết phần mở bài tốt trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Hai ý tưởng đề cập trong phần mở bài sẽ được phân tích ở hai phần thân bài.

Thân bài thứ nhất – Breeding programmes for endangered species, some species saved from extinction.

Thân bài thứ hai – Cramped cages & unnatural environments, animals distressed.

Cách viết phần thân bài

Các phần thân bài trong essay discussion IELTS nên thể hiện ba điều:

Câu chủ đề (topic sentence) – tóm tắt ý chính của đoạn văn.

Giải thích – giải thích tại sao quan điểm này được ủng hộ.

Đưa ra một ví dụ.

Việc đề cập trước quan điểm mà bạn không đồng ý, sau đó thể hiện lý do bạn đồng tính với quan điểm đối lập sẽ tạo cảm giác thoải mái khi bắt đầu hơn. Vì vậy, chúng ta sẽ bắt đầu với ý tưởng 1.

Thân bài thứ nhất

Câu chủ đề là câu tóm tắt ý chính của đoạn văn. Nó không cần phức tạp.

Câu chủ đề đóng một vai trò quan trọng giúp các ý tưởng liên kết theo một mạch từ ý này sang ý khác. Nó giúp người đọc dễ dàng nắm bắt đoạn văn sẽ nói về điều gì.

Nếu bạn duy trì sự phát triển ý rõ ràng trong suốt bài luận của mình, bạn sẽ được ghi điểm cho tiêu chí task achievement (khả năng hoàn thành yêu cầu bài thi) và cohesion and coherence (tính liên kết và mạch lạc).

Dưới đây là câu tiêu đề.

Sau khi viết câu tiêu đề, chúng ta cần viết một câu giải thích để bổ trợ cho ý chính. Nó giúp làm ý của bạn rõ hơn hoặc giải thích tại sao có quan điểm đó.

Sau cùng, bạn đưa ra một ví dụ để dẫn chứng. Nếu bạn không thể nghĩ ra một ví dụ thực tế nào, bạn có thể đưa ra một ví dụ bất kỳ, miễn là nó đáng tin cậy. Giám khảo sẽ không kiểm tra sự thật.

Dưới đây là phần thân bài thứ nhất hoàn chỉnh.

Bây giờ bạn làm theo quy trình tương tự cho đoạn thân bài thứ hai.

Thân bài thứ hai

Đầu tiên, chúng ta sẽ viết câu chủ đề để tóm tắt ý chính. Trong phần thân bài thứ nhất, bạn đã sử dụng cụm từ ‘On the one hand...’, nên phần thân bài thứ hai sẽ bắt đầu cụm từ ‘On the other hand… .

Khi sử dụng cụm từ này, chúng sẽ tạo ra sự tương phản giữa hai quan điểm đối lập, hơn nữa chúng giúp liên kết các ý với nhau một cách mạch lạc. Vì vậy, các dạng cụm từ tương phản được sử dụng trong hầu hết các IELTS discussion essay giúp bạn được ghi điểm trong tiêu chí cohesion và coherence (sự gắn kết và mạch lạc).

Tiếp theo là câu giải thích để bổ trợ cho ý chính.

Sau cùng, bạn đưa ra một ví dụ để dẫn chứng.

Dưới đây là phần thân bài thứ hai hoàn chỉnh.

Bây giờ chúng ta qua phần kết bài để hoàn thành bài IELTS discussion essay.

Cách viết phần kết bài

Phần kết bài cho các bài discussion essay thể hiện hai điều:

Tóm tắt những điểm chính.

Nêu ý kiến ​​của bạn.

Câu kết cho bài luận thường có thể viết trong một câu duy nhất. Nếu toàn bộ bài luận của bạn tối thiểu 250 từ, bạn có thể viết thêm câu dự đoán hoặc lời đề xuất.

Kết luận là câu dễ viết nhất trong bài luận nhưng lại là một trong những câu quan trọng nhất.

Một kết luận tốt sẽ:

Kết thúc bài luận cô đọng, súc tích.

Liên kết tất cả các ý với nhau.

Tổng kết các lập luận hoặc quan điểm ​​​​của bạn.

Trả lời câu hỏi.

Nếu bạn thể hiện các điều này, bạn sẽ được ghi điểm cho tiêu chí task achievement (khả năng hoàn thành yêu cầu bài thi) và cohesion & coherence (tính liên kết và mạch lạc), chiếm 50% tổng số điểm. Nếu không có phần kết bài, tiêu chí task achievement của bạn sẽ dưới 6 điểm.

Để bắt đầu cho phần kết bài, bạn có thể dùng các từ: In conclusion hoặc To conclude và tất cả những gì bạn cần làm là tóm tắt ngắn gọn những ý chính thành một câu.

Đây là một mẹo hàng đầu. Bạn đọc lại phần mở bài vì đây là phần tóm tắt của bài luận. Nó tóm lượt những gì bạn sẽ viết về.

Để viết phần kết bài tốt, bạn chỉ cần paraphrase phần mở bài. Sau đây là ví dụ.

Đây là phần kết bài với thông tin tương tự phần mở bài:

Xem thêm: Cách viết đoạn kết luận tốt trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Sau đây là bài luận hoàn chỉnh với phần mở bài, thân bài, và kết bài.

Bài discussion essay hoàn chỉnh.

Nếu bạn cần hiểu rõ và nắm được sâu sắc cách thức làm bài thì hãy đọc bài viết này nhiều lần và thực hành cho các đề mẫu khác. Thực hành là cách duy nhất để cải thiện kỹ năng của bạn. Chúc các bạn thành công.

Cách viết dạng Problem and Solution trong Writing Task 2

Cách viết Agree or Disagree đạt điểm cao IELTS Writing Task 2

Hướng dẫn cách viết  Argumentative Essay  trong IELTS Writing

Compare and Contrast Essay

Về bài viết

Published on April 10, 2023

Quỳnh Khanh

Tôi là Quỳnh Khanh - Content Writer có hơn 5 năm về lĩnh vực giáo dục

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• Anne-Marie Körling
• Erika Kyrk Seger
• Nina Baresso
• Kristina Alexanderson
• Ivana Eklund
• Malin Frykman
• Joanna Lundin
• Jennie Wilson
• DIGITALA VERKTYG – LÄNKSAMLING
• NIVÅANPASSAT PÅ ENGELSKA
• BUSINESS ENGLISH
• MOVIES & VIDEO CLIPS
• EDUCATIONAL GAMES
• TRANSLATING & DICTIONARIES
• EXAM PRACTICE
• OTHER USEFUL LINKS
• La Navidad – jultema
• SPANSKA steg 1
• ONLINE-PROV
• GRAMMATIKFILMER
• ORD & VOKABULÄR
• ÖVERSÄTTNING
• TV & VIDEO
• ÖVRIGA ANVÄNDBARA LÄNKAR
• PRESSBILDER

Here you’ll find (almost) everything you need connected to the English 7 course.

Cambridge certificate in advanced english (cae).

You might wonder why we’re focusing on the Certificate in Advanced English (CAE) in the English 7 course. It’s mainly due to the following reasons:

• The CAE is accepted globally as proof of high achievement.  More than 3,000 educational institutions, businesses and government departments around the world accept CAE as proof of high-level achievement.
• The CAE is a certificate with endless opportunities.  Helps you develop the language skills you need for success, and can be used for your university and student visa applications in the UK and Australia.
• The CAE provides high-level English skills for academic and professional success.  Preparing for the CAE helps learners develop the skills to make the most of studying, working and living in English-speaking countries.

Certificate in Advanced English  (CAE) – a high-level qualification that is officially recognized by universities, employers and governments around the world. Read more about the  exam overview here.

Click here to download a paper-based sample paper . If you prefer doing the exams online –  follow this link.

WHAT PARTS TO PRACTICE?

All exams are divided into separate parts (shown below). When working with exercises connected to the exams during the course it might be a good idea to know where in the CAE Result Workbook you’ll find exercises connected to each part in the exams. Please consult the document ”What parts to practice” if you wish to practice different parts of the exams.

PAPER 1 READING 1 HOUR 15 MINUTES

Below is an example of the reading exam from  Flo-Joe  – the place on the web for Cambridge exam preparation.

• Reading   Part 1 (Multiple Choice)
• Reading   Part 2 (Gapped Text)
• Reading   Part 3 (Multiple Choice)
• Reading   Part 4 (Multiple Matching)
• Reading Part 1 (Multiple Choice)
• Reading Part 2 (Gapped Text)
• Reading Part 3 (Multiple Choice)
• Reading Part 4 (Multiple Matching)

In the book there is also lot of reading exercises and you’re obviously more than welcome to work with them on your own. Do you need the key to the reading exercises?  It’s right here.

More about the reading paper:

PAPER 2  WRITING 1 HOUR 30 MINUTES

More about the writing paper:

The video below will give you the chance to practice spotting key information in the Formal Letter question. This is vital if you want to score well in 2 of the CAE Writing Assessment Criteria – ’Content’ and ’Communicative Achievement’. This is the first of four video clips – make sure to watch them all on FloJoeEnglish’s channel on YouTube . On the same channel you also find more information about the updated CAE Exam (2015).

PAPER 3 USE OF ENGLISH 1 HOUR

The course will start off with a  Use of English exam , which will serve as a diagnostic test. The Use of English exam tests your use of English with different types of exercise that show how well you can control your grammar and vocabulary.

How to prepare for the CAE Use of English test

• The Use of English paper tests your knowledge of vocabulary and grammar.
• Read as much as possible, and use a dictionary to help you learn new words
• Use a grammar book to help you understand sentence structure
• Read the instructions carefully before you start each section
• Look at the example question at the beginning of each section
• Correct spelling is necessary. Get into the habit of checking the spelling of words
• Read the surrounding context before giving an answer
• Don’t give alternative answers for any questions

Soem Use of English exercises from Exam English :

• Part 1 –  Multiple-choice cloze 
• Part 2  –  Open cloze
• Part 3  –  Word formation
• Part 4  –  Gapped sentences
• Part 5  –  Key word transformations

Use the step-by-step approach below from Flo-Joe  to discover which key language areas you need to know. Click each part for more information, dos and don’ts, how to improve and exercises.

• Part 1 Multiple Choice Cloze
• Part 2 Open Cloze
• Part 3 Word Formation
• Part 4 Gapped Sentences
• Part 5 Key Word Transformations

Below you’ll find a few examples of the Use of English exam from  Flo-Joe  – the place on the web for Cambridge exam preparation.

• Use of English Test 1   Part 1 (Multiple Choice Cloze)
• Use of English Test 1   Part 2 (Open Cloze)
• Use of English Test 1   Part 3 (Word Formation)
• Use of English Test 1   Part 4 (Gapped Sentences)
• Use of English Test 1  Part 5 (Key Word Transformations)
• Use of English Test 2   Part 1 (Multiple Choice Cloze)
• Use of English Test 2   Part 2 (Open Cloze)
• Use of English Test 2   Part 3 (Word Formation)
• Use of English Test 2   Part 4 (Gapped Sentences)
• Use of English Test 2   Part 5 (Key Word Transformations)
• Use of English Test 3   Part 1 (Multiple Choice Cloze)
• Use of English Test 3   Part 2 (Open Cloze)
• Use of English Test 3   Part 3 (Word Formation)
• Use of English Test 3   Part 4 (Gapped Sentences)
• Use of English Test 3   Part 5 (Key Word Transformations)
• Use of English Test 4   Part 1 (Multiple Choice Cloze)
• Use of English Test 4  Part 2 (Open Cloze)
• Use of English Test 4   Part 3 (Word Formation)
• Use of English Test 4   Part 4 (Gapped Sentences)
• Use of English Test 4   Part 5 (Key Word Transformation)

The video below explains how to analyze and answer the questions in the Use of English paper.

PAPER 4 LISTENING 40 MINUTES

In the book there is a lot of listening exercises. Follow this link to  ALL THE AUDIO FILES  if you want to work with them on your own. Do you need the key to the listening exercises?  It’s right here.

Below you’ll find listening exercises from  Exam English .

• Listening Part 1  (Multiple Choice)
• Listening Part 2  Sentence Completion 1  +  Sentence Completion 2
• Listening Part 3  (Multiple Choice)
• Listening Part 4  (Multiple Matching)

More about the listening paper:

PAPER 5 SPEAKING 15 MINUTES

More about the speaking paper:

For those of you that use the CAE Result workbook to prepare for the CAE exam, follow  this link  for grammar and vocabulary, listening exercises, speaking, words and phrases – everything is connected to the book!

Do you still feel that you need to practice? Here you’ll find even more CAE tests:

Check out  this space  for CAE info and practice!

More CAE practice tests , this time from English Online.

Even more practice tests  from Exam English.

To improve your academic writing – use this site: phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk

Can’t get enough of grammar and vocabulary practice? Please visit the ”Grammar and Vocabulary” section for more exercises .

SPEAKING + RECEPTION AND USAGE

Example task for English 7 from University of Gothenburg

Dela detta:

• Essay Editor

Discussion Posts: Definition, Overview, Writing Tips

Discussions are an important part of academic studies. They foster collaboration, raise student engagement, and help to better process new information. A common way to involve students in critical debate is through discussion posts. In this article, you will learn what a discussion post is and how to write it.

Discussion post and open forum definition

A discussion post is a written reply typically used in online forums – websites that encourage users to engage in a debate over various subject matters.

In education, professors provide specific topics or questions meant to inspire conversation between students via web posts. By participating in these discussions, students can explore different points of view as well as develop their ability to communicate ideas clearly and effectively in an academic setting.

Why do we need discussion posts?

• Engagement with course material. Discussion posts require students to collaborate directly with the studied material. By responding to specific questions or prompts, students must think critically about the content, which reinforces their understanding and inspires a deeper dive into the subject matter.
• Development of critical thinking. Crafting a discussion post often entails analyzing information, constructing arguments, as well as taking multiple perspectives into account. This process enhances critical thinking skills, students need to grasp the material and articulate their reasoning in a clear and logical way.
• Community learning. Discussion posts create opportunities for school and college students to interact with their peers by sharing their perspectives and engaging with one another’s viewpoints. This interaction cultivates a sense of belonging within a community and allows students to benefit from diverse perspectives, potentially resulting in a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the topic.
• Academic writing practice. Communicating via discussion posts allows students to practice their academic writing skills in a less formal setting compared to traditional essays or research papers. This practice helps improve clarity, structure, and argumentation, as students learn to present their ideas concisely while supporting them with relevant evidence.

So, while it might seem like discussion posts have little importance, it is actually a great method to learn in a less formal environment. Never skip this opportunity to enhance your grasp of the class material and earn an extra credit.

How to write a discussion post: Best tips

When you have to publish your first response, it might be hard to understand how to start a discussion post or how to respond to a discussion post. Let’s break down the main steps required for crafting a perfect post for academic debate.

How to prepare to write my discussion post

• Familiarize yourself with the prompt carefully. Make sure you understand the question or topic before starting. Understanding the prompt is essential for crafting a thorough response.
• Study the prompt. Collect the necessary information, reflect on your personal experiences, and consider various perspectives to form a well-rounded opinion.
• Identify key arguments. Focus your ideas on a few main insights that directly address the prompt while keeping your response clear and concise.

Once you feel prepared for the debate, you can finally begin working on your post.

How to structure a discussion post

Like any academic texts, a discussion post must comply with a specific structure. Though it is not as strict, you should still follow this outline to deliver a more well-rounded response.

• I ntroduction discussion post . Start your post with a captivating statement, question, or quote that has relevance to the topic. Clearly articulate your main argument or viewpoint.
• Body of the post . Elaborate on each point with detailed explanations, supporting them with evidence, examples, or personal experiences to back it up. Briefly address potential opposing views and explain why your perspective remains valid.
• Conclusion . Reiterate the main arguments and restate your opinion considering the discussion.

If you stick to this outline, your discussion post will be well-organized, relevant, and carefully constructed, making it easier for others to understand your points and participate in meaningful conversation.

Generate a discussion post with Aithor!

With AI generator Aithor, you don’t have to spend hours on making a single post. Created specifically to provide aid with academic writing, Aithor can work with dozens of different genres, including discussion posts. You can easily customize the tone, style, and content to suit your needs, helping you create high-quality posts that stand out and earn top marks.

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